Through proteomic studies, they identify 41 altered proteins in obese people.

IBIMA | Tuesday, June 11, 2024

The research, carried out by the Malaga Institute of Biomedical Research and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA BIONAND Platform) and the Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, has the potential to change approaches to understanding and treating obesity. The work, a collaboration between several teams from CIBER (Centre for Biomedical Research Network), focuses on Proteomic analysis will help unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity. It was published in a scientific journal Current reports on obesity.

The study is conducted systematic review of 16 proteomics studies which analyze samples from obese people compared to people of normal weight. Results identify 41 proteins are altered in obesity, many of which are involved in metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular structure. This discovery not only sheds light on the mechanisms of obesity, but also suggests possible biomarkers of its progression and related diseases.

Obesity is a serious health problem because it increases the risk of developing a number of serious diseases. People who are obese are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and heart attacks, and some types of cancer. In addition, obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and hormonal changes that can worsen these and other diseases.

Proteomics is a discipline of molecular biology that focuses on the comprehensive study of proteins present in an organism, cell, or tissue at a given point in time. Use variety analytical and bioinformatics methods to identify, quantify and characterize proteins, and to understand their functions, interactions and post-translational modifications. By providing a comprehensive view of proteins, proteomics plays a critical role in understanding biological processes, diseases, and developing personalized treatments.

In this sense, co-coordinator of the scientific direction “Cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes mellitus”. Environmental determinants and lifestyle” from the IBIMA BIONAND platform, researcher Miguel Servet, Dr. Mora Murry, emphasized that “proteomics is An interesting tool for understanding obesity at the molecular level, as it has identified key proteins that can be used as biomarkers of metabolic diseases such as obesity and related diseases, and also represent possible therapeutic targets for these diseases. Thus, Murry, also a CIBER Obesity and Nutrition Researcher (CIBEROBN), explained that “this represents significant progress towards personalized and precision medicine to improve the clinical treatment of obesity and its comorbidities towards more effective and specific treatment for each patient.”

Dr. Maria Incencer, CIBERDEM representative (CIBER focus on diabetes and related metabolic diseases), who coordinated this study with Dr. Murry, emphasized that: “Our analysis combines numerous proteomic studies carried out on various types of human biological samples. “This allowed us to gain a global perspective that will help us better understand how proteins interact with each other in obesity.”

For her part, the first author of the work, Alba Rodriguez, indicated that: “ The findings not only provide a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity, but also open the door to the development of potential biomarkers for monitoring and personalized treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.” The study highlights the need to integrate multi-omics approaches to achieve a more complete understanding of the molecular processes in obesity.

In addition to researchers from the IBIMA BIONAND platform and the Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, the bioinformatics department of the institute itself participated in this study, together with the University of Malaga and members of the CIBER Cardiovascular Department (CIBERCV). and diabetes and related metabolic diseases (CIBERDEM), both associated with ISCIII, the Ramon y Cajal Institute for Medical Research (IRYCIS) together with the Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, the University of Alcalá and the University of Tehran (Iran). .

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Rodriguez-Munoz A., Motahari-Rad H., Martin-Chavez L., Benitez-Porres J., Rodriguez-Capitan J., Gonzalez-Jimenez A., Incencer M., Tinajones F.J., Murri M. Systematic a review of proteomics in obesity: unpacking the molecular information Puzzle. Carr-Obes Republic, May 4, 2024. doi: 10.1007/s13679-024-00561-4. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13679-024-00561-4