Mediterranean diet may improve heart health in children, study finds

A recent analysis has shown that Mediterranean dietknown for its many benefits in Adultsmay also be key to heart health children. Published in the magazine JAMA Network is OpenThe study examined data from nine previous studies involving 577 children and adolescents aged 3 to 18. The results showed a significant reduction arterial pressure and levels total cholesterol after following this diet for at least eight weeks.

Dr. José Francisco López-Gil, lead author and member of the One Health research group at the University of the Americas in Quito, noted the importance of establishing healthy eating habits from an early age to prevent cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders such as hypertension and diabetes. “Early eating habits have a significant impact on long-term health outcomes,” Dr. López-Gil said in the published study.

Dr. Natalie Muthrepresentative American Academy of Pediatricspointed out that it is not necessary for all children to strictly follow the Mediterranean diet, but it is crucial to increase their intake of “real foods” and reduce ultra-processed foods with added sugar and sodium. “Calories from ultra-processed foods make up approximately 70% of the typical adolescent diet,” they said. Dr. Muth for the published research.

Dr. Stuart Berger, chief of pediatric cardiology at the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital in Chicago, USA, emphasized the importance of a diet based on whole foods for all ages. Given the known benefits for adults, Berger said these results further highlight the relevance of the Mediterranean diet from childhood. These statements were also made for the published study.

Dr. Tamara Hannon, director of the pediatric clinical diabetes program at Riley Hospital for Children, emphasized the importance of family meals for both nutrition and family bonding. He recommended limiting between-meal eating and eliminating sugary drinks to improve blood glucose levels and weight control. Hannon made the comments for a published study.

The study found differences in previous analyses due to various diet and physical activity factors, but the Mediterranean diet consistently improved blood pressure and lipid profiles. This may reduce the risk of long-term cardiometabolic problems such as heart attacks, strokes and diabetes, he said. Dr. Lopez-Gilwhich confirms the findings of the study.

Nevertheless, Lopez-Gil and colleagues were surprised to find no evidence of significant effects on glucose and insulin levels. This may indicate that targeting these health factors may require longer follow-up periods. Future studies should consider larger, more diverse samples, as well as longitudinal studies to assess long-term effects on children’s cardiometabolic health.

It is worth noting that a balanced and healthy diet in childhood not only prevents diseases, but also forms eating habits that can last a lifetime. Dr. Natalie Muth emphasized the importance of family meals and home cooking to improve children’s nutrition. According to the scientist, “the more children are exposed to fruits, vegetables and fish, the more likely they are to try them and like them.” These observations were also made for the published study.

Mediterranean diet — is a traditional dietary pattern that originated in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, such as Greece, Italy, and Spain. It is characterized by a high consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains, and olive oil, which is the main source of fat. It also includes moderate consumption of fish and shellfish, which are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, as well as limited amounts of red meat and dairy products, mainly in the form of yogurt and cheese. This eating style involves using spices and herbs to season foods instead of salt, and allows moderate consumption of red wine, usually with meals. The Mediterranean diet not only focuses on what is consumed, but also encourages healthy lifestyle choices, such as regular physical activity and sharing meals in a social and family environment. This approach has been associated with various health benefits, especially in terms of the prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.