Most cases of COPD are not detected in Spain.

Chronic obstructive disease (COPD) is currently one of the most underdiagnosed pathologies of the respiratory system with 75 percent unidentified cases. This disease, which affects 3 million men and women in Spain, is third cause of death globally. In 2021, it caused 3.5 million deaths, which is approximately 5 percent of all deaths in the world.

COPD, in our environment caused mainly by smokingalthough there may be cases related to exposure to pollutantsincludes diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. These conditions progressively affect breathing capacity, limiting performance. daily activities and significantly affects quality of life, with symptoms such as shortness of breath, chronic cough, fatigue, anxiety and depression. This pathology, although it is preventable and treatableis closely associated with other serious diseases such as cardiovascular disease. In patients with COPD, the risk of a heart attack or heart failure can be increased eightfold.

“COPD is one of the most underdiagnosed respiratory pathologies. In many cases, patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, even if they are asymptomatic, and we encounter patients with pathology that, if properly diagnosed, can be controlled in a mild stage. We must provide all patients with simple, non-invasive tests, such as spirometry, which will facilitate early diagnosis,” he explains. David de la RosaPresident of Separ.

Santi Rodriguez, years without diagnosis

Comedian on World COPD Day Santi Rodriguez told how he was accidentally diagnosed with mild COPD after years of examinations by different specialists who never sought a diagnosis. spirometry. The actor, who leads an active and healthy lifestyle, emphasizes how the lack awareness This simple test prevents the disease from being detected in the early stages, when control of the disease is greatly improved. “A simple test like spirometry can be life-changing,” says Santi Rodriguez, who especially encourages smokers and ex-smokers to seek it. “He early diagnosis “Not only does this improve quality of life, but it can also prevent future complications.”

Spirometry: a key test for diagnosis

Spirometry, a. non-invasive and affordable testnecessary for the diagnosis of COPD. However, its use in clinical practice is still limited. This is partly due to a lack of knowledge among healthcare professionals and the general population about its importance. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this problem, pushing the diagnosis and treatment of chronic respiratory diseases into the background.

The role of prevention and education

Prevention, especially by reducing smoking and protecting yourself from environmental pollutants, is important. Likewise, it is crucial strengthen awareness campaigns aimed at both the public and health professionals to break the vicious circle of ignorance and underdiagnosis. In addition, measures such as vaccination against Covid, influenza and pneumococcus, as well as correct technique for using inhalers, can significantly improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients.

“COPD is a preventable and treatable disease associated with smoking and exposure to pollutants. Reducing these factors can reduce the number of cases of the disease,” he notes. Antonia Ocaña Padillamember of the working group on respiratory pathology of the Spanish Society of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (SEMG).

For people who already have COPD, Ocaña adds: “Prevention of infections (which cause exacerbations) are critical because they impair lung function, increase cardiovascular complications, and increase mortality. Measures such as vaccination, use of masks and hand washing prevent respiratory infections and thus improve the situation. quality of life of patients“

COPD affects different specialties

In this World COPD DaySEPAR and SEMG call on institutions, health workers and society at large to prioritize the fight against this disease. Increasing health education, facilitating access to spirometry, and promoting healthy lifestyles are important steps to reduce the impact of this condition. As Santi Rodriguez recalls, “With greater prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, we can change people’s lives.”