Sexually transmitted diseases are on the rise in Spain: these are the most common sexually transmitted diseases.

The Carlos III Institute of Public Health (ISCIII) published, through its National Epidemiological Center (CNE), the report “Epidemiological Surveillance of Infections and Sexual Transmission in Spain 2023.” The report data shows that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have not stopped. growth in Spain last year, and this trend is now constant.

Since the early 2000s, there has been an increase in the incidence of infections such as gonorrhea, syphilis and chlamydia.especially in young men, although age varies depending on the disease. Chlamydia, for example, is more common in people under 25 years of age, unlike lymphogranuloma venereum.

Gonorrhea increases by 42.6%

According to the report, gonorrhea cases increased by 42.6% between 2021 and 2023; syphilis was 24.1%. Between 2016 and 2023, chlamydia increased by 20.7% annually. Since 2001, when the incidence was 2.04, gonorrhea has continued to rise until it reached 71.54 in 2023, when 34,401 cases were detected, an increase of 42.1% from 2021.

For men, these figures are significantly higher. (116.84/100,000 and 28.01 respectively), and in terms of age, the 20-24 year old group was the most affected (265.68/100,000), followed by the 25-34 year old group (242.94/100,000).

In fact, eight out of ten positive cases were men. The average age at diagnosis was 31 years, with slightly lower age (26 years versus 32). Most infections in men occurred between the ages of 25 and 34 years (401.93 cases per 100,000), followed by the 20-24 year group (355.60 cases per 100,000).

In women, The highest rates were observed at the ages of 20 to 24 years (170.20) and from 25 to 34 years (80.06).

Regarding the region with the highest number of infections, Catalonia has 165.3 cases, followed by Madrid (94.08); Basque Country (78.37) and Andalusia (58.64). The areas with the fewest infections were Ceuta (1.20), Melilla (2.34), Aragon (9.24), Castile and Leon (12.59) and Extremadura (16.12).

There are more than 10 thousand cases of syphilis in Spain

The year 2023 ended with 10,879 cases of syphilis, a 24.1% decline from 2021. 88.1% of cases were men, who recorded a rate of 40.66 compared to 5.27 for women; The average age was 37 years, with no significant differences by gender (37 years for women, 34 years for men). Six out of every ten patients with syphilis were aged 25 to 44 years, with the group with the highest incidence occurring between ages 25 and 34 years (64.97).

Regarding the communities with the highest incidence, the Canary Islands (53.91), Balearic Islands (33.97), Madrid (32.52) and Catalonia (30.54) stand out; The lowest rates are observed in La Rioja (2.17), Castile-La Mancha (3.36) and Aragon (6.11).

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) affects 98% of men.

LGV is also transmitted through unprotected sex. Last year, 1,807 cases were reported, of which 98.3% were men with an average age of 37 years. Catalonia was the community with the largest number of LGVs, followed by Madrid, Navarre and the Basque Country. Instead of, No cases have been reported in Cantabria, Castile-La Mancha, Ceuta or Melilla.

Chlamydia affects men and women almost equally.

There have been 36,983 cases of chlamydia reported, with an annual percentage change of 20.7% since 2016, with rates higher in men (85.97) than women (72.09). By age, the highest rates are from 20 to 24 years (387.72) and from 25 to 34 years (258.34). In 46.6% of cases it was diagnosed in women.

Once again, Catalonia (194.56) is the community with the highest number of cases, followed by Navarre (124.97), Basque Country (102.78) and Madrid (85.97); There are virtually no cases in Melilla (1.17), Aragon (5.52), Castile and Leon (13.26) and Castile-La Mancha (13.82). Ceuta reported no cases.

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