Pathological assessment is key to improving breast cancer survival

Breast cancer is the second most diagnosed type of cancer in Spain, with more than 36,000 cases reported annually, second only to colorectal cancer. In this context, the role of the pathologist is crucial as he not only confirms the presence of a tumor but also provides vital information about its type, grade and stage. Dr. José Luis Solórzano from the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Madrid emphasizes that accurate pathological assessment is essential to improve survival rates and reduce the risk of relapse.

Diagnostic accuracy is important in determining treatment and prognosis for breast cancer. An accurate diagnosis determines the specific type of cancer, its stage and the presence of hormone receptors or HER2 overexpression, which determines the choice of appropriate treatment. An erroneous diagnosis can lead to inadequate treatment, which will negatively affect the patient’s prognosis and quality of life.

Important Achievements

The most commonly used imaging technologies for detection and biopsy in breast cancer research include mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mammography is the standard screening method, and ultrasound is used in cases of incomplete mammography or in women with dense breasts. MRI is used in high-risk patients or when greater precision is required, helping radiologists obtain targeted biopsies for more accurate assessments.

Recent years have seen significant advances in screening techniques such as digital mammography, tomosynthesis (3D mammography) and genomic testing. These innovations make it possible to detect small lesions at earlier stages, thereby improving survival. In addition, the use of MRI in women at high genetic risk has increased, facilitating more accurate molecular characterization of tumors.

Collaboration between pathologists and oncologists is important in the treatment of breast cancer. Dr. Laura García Estevez, Chief of Breast Tumors at MD Anderson Madrid, emphasizes that information provided by the pathologist about the molecular and biological characteristics of the tumor allows you to personalize treatment and make more accurate decisions: “The pathologist provides us with key information about the molecular and biological characteristics of the tumor, which allows us to personalize treatment and make more accurate decisions. It is only through close collaboration between both disciplines that we can ensure that each patient receives the most appropriate and effective therapy, thereby optimizing the chances of success and improving the quality of life of the people we treat.”– he declares.

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